Karat sebagai pengukur belian adalah massa satuan
yang setara dengan 0,2 gram (200 mg). Berlian dan batu permata lainnya diukur
berdasar berat bukan
volume.
The carat (ct) is a unit of
mass equal to 200 mg (0.2 g; 0.007055 oz) and is used for measuring gemstones
and pearls.
The General
Conference on Weights and Measures (French: Conférence générale des poids et
mesures - CGPM) is the senior of the three Inter-governmental organizations
established in 1875 under the terms of the Metre Convention (French: Convention
du Mètre) to represent the interests of member states.
Gemstone Carat Weight Estimation
Calculator
1. Jadeite
– more than $3 million per carat
This gemstone is actually a pyroxene mineral, usually of
apple green, emerald green, bluish green or leek green in color. There have
also been some that are either greenish white or white with some green spots.
Jadeites are colorless in the thin section of the stone. The more intense the
green, the more expensive the stone will get. The Chinese, however, also value
the white jadeite with green spots. A deep blue-green jadeite that emits a
translucent hue has also been discovered in recent times in Guatemala. While it
is considered valuable because of historical reasons as the Mesoamerican Olmec
used it, the rarity of this specific kind of jadeite has yet to be established.
Once the Guatemalans start actively mining for it and confirms its rarity, the
value may increase even more.
2. RedDiamonds – $2 million to 2.5 million per carat
This gemstone is
very rare. Most of it are actually purplish red, and not crimson or pure red. A
mining company located in Australia gets to find only a small number of red
diamonds every year. These are then sold at an auction once every couple of
years, and you can just imagine the interest, demand and price that the red
diamonds command.
3. Serendibite
– $1.8 million to 2 million per carat
The serendibite
gemstone is an extremely rare mineral that bears boron. Only two areas have
been known to produce quality serendibite, namely Ratanapura in Sri Lanka and
Mogok in northern Burma. Most of the serendibites found are blue green, grayish
blue or pale yellow with a white streak.
4. Blue Garnet – $1.5 million per carat
There are many
kinds of garnet in the market. You can find it in a variety of colors, from
black, brown, green, orange, pink, purple, red and yellow. There have even been
some that do not have any color. But none can compare to the price of the blue
garnet. This gemstone was discovered in Madagascar in the 1990s, though it has
since been mined in Russia, the United States and Turkey as well. While it has
a blue green shade, the generous amount of vanadium in the stone makes it emit
a purplish hue when it is held against incandescent lighting.
5.Grandidierite
– $100,000 per carat
Alfred
Grandidier was a natural historian famed in the archaeology world for his
discovery in Madagascar of the skeletons and remains of an elephant bird that
weighed half a ton and that has been extinct for thousands of years. He is also famous in the world of gemology
for discovering in Sri Lanka a rare stone that transmits blue, green and white
light. Initially, they thought it was the gemstone serendibite, but after
closer scrutiny, gemologists concluded that it was a totally new stone. It was
thereafter named after Grandidier.
6. Painite
– $50,000 – 60,000 per carat
Discovered in
the 1950s by the Englishman Arthur C. Pain, painite is a rare borate material.
It has a natural hexagon shape and has an orange-red or brownish-red color.
Trace amounts of iron, vanadium and chromium are present in the stone. While it used to be the rarest stone in the
world, more have been unearthed and discovered in Burma recently.
7. Musgravite
– $35,000 per carat
This gemstone is
actually a silicate mineral that was first discovered in Australia in an area
called Musgrave. While similar minerals have since been unearthed in
Madagascar, Greenland and Sri Lanka, it is still considered very rare. There
are trace amounts of aluminum, berrylium and magnesium present in the stone.
8. Bixbite
– $10,000 per carat
This gemstone is
also known as the red beryl emerald. It is very rare and has been found only in
a couple of places in Utah called Juab County and Beaver County, and in Sierra
County in New Mexico. Most of the red beryl that are gem-grade can be found in
Violet Claim. This is located in the Wah Wah Mountains of midwest Utah. A
Filmore, Utah local named Lamar Hodges discovered the bixbites by accident. He
was a mineral prospector who was actually looking for uranium when he stumbled
upon the red beryls.
9. Black Opal – $2,355 per carat
Opal is the
national gemstone of Australia, which produces 97 percent of the world’s
supply. The southern portion of the country alone produces 80 percent of all
opals. Opal is not a mineral, as it is actually an amorphous form of silica
that is related to quartz. Up to 20 percent of the stone’s weight is made up of
water. The internal structure of this
gemstone makes it diffract light, and it may come in a variety of colors
ranging from blue, brown, gray, green, magenta, olive, orange, pink, red, rose,
slate, white and yellow. But the most rare and most expensive are the black opals.
The stone has also been unearthed in Brazil, Mexico, the United States, Mali
and Ethiopia.
10. Jeremejevite
– $2000 per carat
This gemstone
is actually made of aluminum borate mineral with fluoride and hydroxide ions.
Pavel Vladimirovich Eremeev discovered it in Siberia. Most of this stone are
colored blue or yellow. White and colorless versions of this gem have also been
discovered. Jeremejevite has since been unearthed in other areas as well,
notably in Namibia, the Eifel District in Germany and the Pamir Mountain area
in Tajikistan.
(Copy Paste from
http://www.therichest.com/luxury/most-expensive/the-top-ten-most-expensive-gemstones-in-the-world/)
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